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Before starting the analysis, I’m going to use the following environment and tools: REMnux: https://docs.remnux.org/install-distro/get-virtual-appliance Didier Stevens Suite:https://blog.didierstevens.com/didier-stevens-suite/ Malwoverview:https://github.com/alexandreborges/malwoverview Furthermore, it’s always recommended to install Oletools # python -m pip install -U oletools All three tools above are usually installed on REMnux by default. However, if you are using Ubuntu …

Learning Objectives Understand the advantages and goals of PCAP AnalysisHow to pivot into and away from PCAP Analysis (how to use findings for quicker analysis)Common tools to useHow data reduction aids in investigations Common Tools SnortTcpdumpWireSharkTShark Tools Covered Here SnortTcpdumpWireshark Notes Keep solid notes on your thinking around evidence and …

This post discuss some Digital Forensics and Incident Response (DFIR) techniques you can leverage when you encounter an environment without Windows event logs. Where are the logs? at work, we regularly respond to security incidents with ineffective logging and auditing for the purposes of a cyber incident. In some cases, …

Remote users can connect to their Windows 10 and 11 computers via the Remote Desktop Services (RDP). It is enough to enable RDP in the device settings and connect to the computer using any Remote Desktop client. But there is a restriction on the number of simultaneous RDP sessions – …

Kerberos Fundamentals Kerberos is a network authentication protocol that works on the principle of issuing tickets to nodes to allow access to services/resources based on privilege level. Kerberos is widely used throughout Active Directory and sometimes Linux but truthfully mainly Active Directory environments. TLDR: https://www.roguelynn.com/words/explain-like-im-5-kerberos/ I am aiming to approaching …

A good detection technique to spot Remote Desktop Connections that are exposed to the internet is to scan RDP event logs for any events where the source IP is a non-RFC 1918 address. This provides you a good way to check for locations that may be port forwarding RDP, like …

Generic Windows Artifacts Windows 10 Notifications In the path \Users\<username>\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Notifications you can find the database appdb.dat (before Windows anniversary) or wpndatabase.db (after Windows Anniversary). Inside this SQLite database you can find the Notification table with all the notifications (in xml format) that may contain interesting data. Timeline Timeline is a …

smss.exe It’s called Session Manager. Session 0 starts csrss.exe and wininit.exe (OS services) while Session 1 starts csrss.exe and winlogon.exe (User session). However, you should see only one process of that binary without children in the processes tree. Also, more sessions apart from 0 and 1 may mean that RDP …

click to see Full-Size Image Scan Network cme smb # enumerate smb hosts nmap -sP -p # ping scan nmap -PN -sV –top-ports 50 –open # quick scan nmap -PN –script smb-vuln* -p139,445 # search smb vuln nmap -PN -sC -sV # classic scan nmap -PN -sC -sV -p- # …

To compare Active Directory accounts against breached passwords you need access to your Active Directory with a specific privileged account, a password list with NTLM hashes and some PowerShell commands. But why should you do this? Password hashes of Domain accounts can be dumped locally from SAM, memory, remotely and …